1 Peter 1:7 and Jude 22–23, may be found in seed form in Tertullian where prayers for the dead are mentioned, in Origen who speaks of a purification by fire at the end of the world by which all men and angels are to be restored to favor with God, and in Augustine who did express doubt about some aspects of it. But it was specifically Gregory the Great who ‘reigned’ on the papal throne from A. D. 590 to 604 who ‘brought the doctrine into shape and into such connection with the discipline of the church,